Archive for the ‘General’ Category

Finesteride (Propecia) in Treatment of BPH

Tuesday, August 24th, 2010

The common uses of finesteride are in treatment of BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia) and alopecia or baldness. Benign Hyperplasia Prostate is a very common problem among elderly men, especially after the age of 55 years. Autopsies done in men in the eighth decade of life, shows the presence of hyperplastic changes (mainly Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia) in more than 90%. From this it can be easily estimated how common Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in men is.

Every man who is more than 55 years of age should be checked for BPH and diagnosed as early as possible.

Treatment of BPH, include use of 5-alpha reductase inhibitor drugs such as finesteride (brand name is Propecia, Proscar etc.), dutesteride etc. and alpha-adrenergic blockers such as terazosin, prazosin etc.

Finasteride at the dose of 10 mg per day orally and other 5-alpha reductase inhibitors block the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone which can cause shrinkage of the prostate size, which in turn result in increase urine flow rates, and improve symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. 5-alpha reductase inhibitor drugs help in reversing the disease process by reducing the size of prostate gland in men. 5-alpha reductase inhibitors also lower the baseline PSA (prostatic specific antigen) levels by approximately half. The baseline PSA is important when using PSA as a guide for biopsy recommendations in BPH, to diagnose cancer of prostate.

The alpha-adrenergic blockers such as terazosin at the dose of 1-10 mg per day orally cause relaxation of the smooth muscles of the neck of urinary bladder and increase the peak urinary flow rates, thereby improve the symptoms of BPH, such as difficulty in urination. But the alpha-adrenergic blockers do not have any influence on the progression of the disease and only provide symptomatic relief, unlike 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, which reverses the disease process at least to some extent.

Uses of Medical Scrubs

Thursday, July 15th, 2010

Medical scrubs are used by almost all the medical professionals, in other words by all whosoever needs to interact with patients and not only by doctors and nurses. There are several uses of medical scrubs.

Medical scrubs are most commonly used to prevent the dress from soiling while handling patients or handling the samples of patients such as blood, urine, sputum etc. Wearing of medical scrub while working by medical professionals can be of great help by preventing soiling of the dress and also by preventing the medical professional from coming in contact with blood, urine, sputum etc. of patients. Use of medical scrubs can also help in preventing of minimizing the spread of infection from one patient to another as well as from patients to medical professional.

Medical scrubs are also used by many hospitals to identify members of various departments, by providing them with different colors. For example, in many hospitals pink or lavender apparels (medical scrubs) are given to the working in the labor and delivery department, light blue outfits are given to surgery, and dark green or blue for those in the emergency room. Medical scrubs can also contain logo of the particular hospital which helps in identification.

The medical scrubs used by the surgeons in operation rooms are of green color, because of the bright light in the operation rooms and green color is the most pleasant to the eyes, which can reduce the eye fatigue for the surgeon and thereby reduce the fatigue in general.

You may need to Change your Contact Lenses

Thursday, April 22nd, 2010

Contact lenses are mainly used for correction of refractive errors of the eye which create problem in your vision and you are unable to see properly. Refractive errors of the eyes are the problems in the normal curvature of the eye such as cornea and lens of the eye and due to the abnormality in the curvatures of the eye the focus of an object do not fall correctly at the retina and vision problem arises due to that. To correct refractive errors of the eye use of glass or use of contact lens is most commonly practiced.

If you are using reusable contact lens (the older version of contact lenses are of reusable type, which are cleaned with appropriate cleaning solution regularly before use) you may have certain problems with reusable contact lens. You may be allergic to cleaning solution used for cleaning contact lens. If you are allergic to cleaning solution the only option left for you is to use Disposable Contact Lens. Disposable contacts (the sort form of disposable contact lenses) do not need to be cleaned with cleaning solution as they are used once and thrown away. If your eyes are getting hurt due to use of hard contact lenses, you can change you Disposable Contacts to soft type. The soft types of contact lenses are made of silicone hydrogel material and can be used comfortably without getting hurt.

Cheap Disposable Contact Lenses are available these days and most of the users of contact lens can afford the cheap disposable contact lenses. So if you have problem of allergy or irritation due to use of reusable contact lens it is the right time for you to change your contact lens to disposable contacts.

Nail Fungus and Older Adults (senior citizens). Why are they effected more by this condition?

Tuesday, April 20th, 2010

Nail fungus is an infection in either the fingernails or toenails, sometimes it can soften the nails or thicken them and can cause discoloration of the nails as well, nail fungus is one of the most difficult conditions to treat, and they often cause severe damage to the nails or even nail loss. Nail fungus is a contagious condition, so be very weary of what you are sharing with other people. There are three different types of nail fungus, the first being Distal subungual onychomycosis, then there is Proximal subungual onychomycosis and finally White superficial onychomycosis. As of right now, upwards of 20% of the world population is effected by either toe or nail fungus, senior citizens hold the majority of that percentage. I am going to discuss why older adults especially senior citizens are more effected by nail fungus then the younger individuals.

Senior citizens are more prone to nail fungus, especially toe nail fungus, for a few reasons, the same reasons are for younger individuals, but the fact of there age, most likely they will have the issues. A lot of senior citizens have circulation problems, the percentage of senior citizens that are diabetics and the fact that their immunity level is much lower than a younger individual can cause nail fungus in the toes and nails.

It is much harder for a senior citizen to prevent nail fungus, simply because as much as you take care of your health, you are still going to have certain issues that you can not help, circulation is a hard one and immunity like I mentioned earlier, vitamins should help a little bit. Some ways to try to prevent the fungus from growing is to not walk barefoot in places where other people have been, clean your shower or tub on a regular basis, don’t keep sweaty shoes or sweaty socks on, fungus loves to grow and stay on places that are constantly wet or moist. If a senior citizen follows a few steps like I mentioned, it could prevent them from getting nail fungus. There are ways to treat nail fungus if you are unsuccessful at preventing it, there are natural methods and prescription’s that your doctor can subscribe, just to name a few.

The best thing to do if you discover that you have some type of nail fungus is to treat it as soon as possible to prevent it to spread to other nails on you or someone else and possible loose your nails, especially for senior citizens since they are more effected by nail fungus.

Therapeutic and Corrective Use of Contact Lens

Wednesday, March 31st, 2010

The most common use of contact lens is corrective use, to correct the refractive errors of the eye. Contact lens is also sometimes used for therapeutic purpose.

Therapeutic use of contact lens:

Commonly soft contact lenses are used for therapeutic purpose and for treatment of non refractive errors of eye. Sometimes soft contact lenses are used to protect the injured eye or in corneal ulcer to allow the injury to heal properly. Soft contact lens is used for protecting cornea from constant rubbing of cornea due to blinking, which is known as bandage contact lens.

Other common uses of therapeutic contact lens are in dry eye, keratitis, corneal edema, bullous keratopathy, anterior corneal dystrophy, etc.

Corrective use of contact lens:

Corrective contact lenses are like glass (spectacles) that help to focus light correctly onto retina, so that we can see correctly without any error. Common refractive errors of the, such as myopia (short sightedness or person unable to see objects far away), presbyopia, hypermetropia (long sightedness or person unable to see objects which are near), astigmatism are best suited for use of contact lens. Corrective contact lens can improve vision, which may not be normal due to refractive errors of the eye.

Contact Lens for Your Eyes

Tuesday, March 30th, 2010

Contact lens is used for various purposes, such as correction of refractive error, cosmetic purpose (to change the look) and therapeutic use (known as therapeutic contact lenses). The most common cause of use of contact lens is for correcting refractive errors of the eye. It is estimated that more than 125 million individuals are using contact lenses at present and most common purpose is obviously the correction of refractive errors. Small percentage of contact lenses is used for cosmetic reason and even smaller percentage for therapeutic purpose, although use contact lens for cosmetic purpose is increasing slowly, but steadily.

The availability of disposable contact lens has increased the use of contact lens due to easier way of handling and the taking care part of the contact lens has become very simple. The disposable contact lenses may be cheaper then non disposable contact lenses, but the actual cost of using disposable contact lens may be higher. The only disadvantage of disposable contact lens is the cost, which may be higher than non disposable contact lens for long term use as the requirement of several disposable contact lenses for several days. Slowly disposable and cheap contact lens is also coming to the market. But one should always compare the advantages and disadvantages of using disposable and non disposable contact lenses.

It is always advisable to compare contact lens, from one with another, in terms of durability, cost and comfort of use. You should always think what you need, if you can take care of contact lens regularly, then you can go for a non disposable contact les, which will be cheap in the long run, but if you do not have enough time and can not take care of your contact lens, you should go for disposable contact lens.

Some Facts about Teeth Whitening

Thursday, February 25th, 2010

White and glistening teeth are desired by every men and women. Teeth whitening can be also sometimes called (although incorrectly) bleaching of teeth and it is part of cosmetic dentistry, which has become very popular, especially among young generation. You can get teeth whitening solutions at your nearest drug stores (to be used by yourself) or you can get the entire procedure done at your dentist’s clinic.

Many people have used teeth whitening but very few of the general population as well as the users of teeth whitening have adequate knowledge about teeth whitening. Due to lack of adequate knowledge about teeth whitening the misinformation is very much present among people (users as well as non users of teeth whitening). The most common misinformation people have is about the duration a single use of whitening solution or procedure at your dentist’s clinic can give. The fact is you need to use teeth whitening regularly to get a long lasting of permanent white and glistening teeth.

According to USFDA the term “bleaching” of teeth is whitening teeth beyond their natural white color and whitening is to restore natural white color of teeth if they are stained or discolored. But practically almost all the whitening solutions contain bleaching chemicals like hydrogen peroxide. Strictly speaking these whitening solutions containing beaching chemical should be called bleach (according to the USFDA definition), but they are called whitening solutions (most likely, whitening sound better than bleach).

Different individuals use whitening solutions for different purpose. Some use teeth whitening to remove stains and some individuals use teeth whitening to restore natural color and add some glaze in teeth.

Treatment of Hirsutism

Tuesday, February 23rd, 2010

Hirsutism is generally treated by pharmacological (by use of drugs) means and mechanical or non pharmacological means. The general principle of management of hirsutism is to use mechanical or non pharmacological means of treatment of hirsutism, either alone or along with pharmacological means or by use of drugs. In other words in all cases of hirsutism mechanical or non pharmacological means should be tried and when it fails, pharmacological means should be used.

Mechanical or non pharmacological methods of treatment of hirsutism include removal of hairs by use of chemicals or simply shaving, removal of hair along with root of the hair follicles (by plucking, waxing, electrolysis and by using laser) and bleaching. These mechanical removal of hairs may be painful but use of laser is painless and gives good results, although the long tern efficacy and long term complication of laser treatment of hirsutism is not yet adequately studied. But laser treatment generally gives long lasting effects and in most cases hair removal is permanent. Even if the hair removal is not permanent, it delays the re-growth of hair for long.

The pharmacological treatment of hirsutism includes use of combined oral contraceptive pills, which contain both estrogen and progestin. The estrogen component used is ethinyl estradiol and progestin component used is norgestimate. The commonly used progestin in combined oral contraceptive pill is norgestrel or levonorgestrel, but these two have androgenic effects and not used in hirsutism. The newer generation progestin norgestimate is used in place of norgestrel or levonorgestrel.

Other drugs which are also used in treatment of hirsutism are spironolactone, cyproterone acetate, flutamide etc.

Correct Your Vision with Contact Lens

Sunday, January 24th, 2010

Contact lenses are mainly used for corrective (correction of refractive errors of the eye like myopia, astigmatism, hypermetropia and presbyopia) purpose. Generally contact lenses are used for correction of myopia or short sightedness, hypermetropia or long sightedness, astigmatism (a condition where light rays are not focused on retina), and presbyopia (inability to adjust the eyes to focus on far and near objects quickly). Many individuals, especially younger generation do not want to use glasses for correcting refractive errors of the eye and prefer to use contact lens instead.

Contact lenses can be soft lens or hard lens. There are several advantages and disadvantages of using either type of contact lens (hard as well as soft lens). The advantages of using soft contact lens are the comfort of use and lesser chances of injury to the eye due to softness of the lens. The advantages of hard contact lenses are the cheaper price and longer lasting qualities of hard lens.

One of the major disadvantages of using contact lens over glasses is the chance of infection and injury to the eyes, especially if not used with proper caution with aseptic precaution and care. To overcome this common problem of contact lens, nowadays disposable contact lenses are available and very popular. Disposable soft lenses as well as disposable hard lenses is available. The disposable contact lens can reduce the incidence of infection drastically and use of disposable soft lens can cut down the incidence of injury to the eye due to use of contact lens.

Soft contact lenses are also used for therapeutic purpose e.g. use of soft contact lens to protect injured eye or cornea from constant rubbing of the cornea due to blinking, which allow the injured cornea to heal properly and faster. Contact lenses are also developed to deliver drugs in certain conditions.

Cure Insomnia with Good Sleep Hygiene

Wednesday, January 13th, 2010

Insomnia or sleeplessness or unable to have normal and satisfactory sleep is a common problem. Insomnia is common these days due to the fast and modern lifestyle. In modern times we live on a fast track, which makes satisfactory sleep for many people a desire which they can not fulfill. Insomnia is generally divided into three categories; transient insomnia is insomnia of few days duration and generally do not last longer; short term insomnia is insomnia of few weeks duration, but may come back again if not managed well; long term insomnia is insomnia that is generally long lasting and may last for many years and this is the most difficult to treat.

But many people are not aware of the fact that many of the cases of insomnia, especially short term (insomnia of few weeks duration) and transient insomnia (insomnia of temporary nature and of few days duration only) can be solved and cured permanently by simply maintaining good sleep hygiene. You may be wondering what sleep hygiene is. Sleep hygiene is the environmental and behavioral factors that immediately precede sleep, e.g. taking hot shower, taking hot beverage like tea or coffee before going to bed, not maintaining a regular sleeping time and waking time etc.

Good sleep hygiene, in simple term is elimination of behavioral and environmental factors that are interfering with your sleep. The factors that interfere with sleep may be different in different individuals and so the maintenance of good sleep hygiene may be different in different individuals. What constitutes poor sleep hygiene may not be poor for some other person. Try to identify factors that are interfering with your sleep and avid or eliminate them.

So eliminate environmental and behavioral factors that are interfering with your sleep and solve your insomnia problem. But be careful, insomnia in many people can not be solved by improving sleep hygiene.